Log and Alert

1. When does the P662 generate the firewall log?
2. What does the log show to us?
3. How do I view the firewall log?
4. When does the P662 generate the firewall alert?
5. What does the alert show to us?
6. What is the difference between the log and alert?

1. When does the P662 generate the firewall log?

The P662 generates the log immediately when the packet match, doesn't match (or both) a firewall rule. The log for Default Permit (LAN to WAN, WAN to LAN) is generated automatically. To generate the log for custom rules, the Log option in Web Configurator must be set to Not Match, Match, or Both. The Reason column for the default permit shown in the log will be 'default permit, <1, 00> or <2, 00>'. Here <1, 00> means the LAN-to-WAN default ACL set, <2, 00> means the WAN-to-LAN default ACL set.

2. What does the log show to us?

The log supports up to 128 entries. There are 2 rows and 5 columns for each entry. Please see the example shown below.

`# Time Packet Information Reason Action` `127|Mar 15 0 |From:192.168.1.34 To:202.132.155.93 |default permit |forward | 03:03:54|ICMP type:00008 code:00000 |<1,00> |`

Where <X,Y> stands for <Set number, Rule number>. X=1,2 ; Y=00~10. There are two policy sets, set 1 for rules checking connections from LAN to WAN and set 2 for rules checking connections from WAN to LAN. So, X=1 means set 1 and X=2 means set 2.

Y means the rule in the set. Because we can configure up to 10 rules in a set, so Y can be from 1 to 10. If the rule number shows 00, it means the Default Rule.

3. How do I view the firewall log?

The log keeps 128 entries, the new entries will overwrite the old entries when the log has over 128 entries.

After V3.52, all logs generated in P662, including firewall logs, IPSec logs, system logs are migrated to centralized logs. So you can view firewall logs in Centralized logs.

Before you can view firewall logs there are two steps you need to do,

1. Enable log function in Centralized logs setup via either one of the following methods,

- Web configuration: Advanced/Logs/Log Settings, check Access Control and Attacks options depending on your real situation.
- CI command: sys logs category [access | attack]

2. Enable log function in firewall default policy or in firewall rules.

After the above two steps, you can view firewall logs via

1. Web Configurator: Advanced/Logs
2. View the log by CI command: sys logs disp

You can also view Centralized logs via mail or syslog, please configure mail server or Unix Syslog server in Advanced/Logs/Log Settings.

4. When does the P662 generate the firewall alert?

The P662 generates the alert when an attack is detected by the firewall and sends it via Email. So, to send the alert you must configure the mail server and Email address using Web Configurator. You can also specify how frequently you want to receive the alert via Web Configurator.

5. What does the alert show to us?

The alert shown in the Email is actually the evens of the attack. So, the Reason column shows Attack and the attack type. Please see the example shown below.

`# Time Packet Information Reason Action` `127|Mar 15 0 |From:192.168.1.1 To:192.168.1.1 |attack |block | 03:04:54|ICMP type:00008 code:00000 |land |`

6. What is the difference between the log and alert?

A log entry is just added to the log inside the P662 and e-mailed together with all other log entries at the scheduled time as configured. An alert is e-mailed immediately after an attacked is detected.

All contents copyright (c) 2003 ZyXEL Communications Corporation.